National master plan in a period of 2021-2030, vision to 2050

National master plan in a period of 2021-2030, vision to 2050

I. Development viewpoints and objectives
1. Development viewpoints and organization of development space
a) Development viewpoints: Understand and concretize more clearly development viewpoints of socio-economic development strategy for a period of 2021 – 2030.
– Inclusive, fast and sustainable development based mainly on science and technology, innovation, digital transformation, green transformation and circular economy development.
– To bring into full play advantages of regions; developing harmoniously between economy, culture, society, environmental protection, adaptation to climate change and assurance of national defense and security.
– Market plays a key role in mobilizing, allocating and effectively using resources. To rapidly and harmoniously develop economic sectors and types of enterprises; Private economic development is indeed an important driving force of economy.
– Arousing aspiration to develop a prosperous and happy country, the will to be self-sufficient and promoting strength of great national unity bloc. Promoting human factor, taking people as the center, subject, resources and goals of development; all policies must aim to improve people’s material, spiritual and happy life; Taking cultural values, Vietnamese people are foundation and important endogenous strength to ensure sustainable development.
– Building an independent and self-reliant economy must be based on technology mastery and proactive, active international integration, market diversification and improvement of economy’s adaptability and resilience. National production capacity must be formed in order to participate effectively and improve its position in global value chain. Promoting internal resources is fundamental, strategic, long-term, a decisive factor; External forces and strength of the times are important and breakthrough factors.
b) Viewpoints on organization of development space
– National development space must be effectively and uniformly organized on a national scale, ensuring intra-regional and inter-regional linkages and exploiting the comparative advantages of each region in order to mobilize and use effectively resources, improving national competitiveness.
– Develop with focusing on a number of areas with favorable conditions in terms of geographical location, economic and social infrastructure, human resources to form dynamic zones and economic growth corridors, promoting national economy to develop quickly, sustainably and effectively; at the same time, there are mechanisms and special preferential policies for a number of difficult areas to develop appropriately and gradually narrow the gap with favorable areas.
– Efficiently and economically use natural resources, especially land, water and mineral resources; ensure energy security, food security, water source security; develop green economy, circular economy; environmental protection, nature conservation and improvement of biodiversity quality; proactively prevent and combat natural disasters and adapt to climate change.
– Organization of national development space, regions, economic corridors and urban systems must be associated with development of a synchronous and modern infrastructure system and harmonious development of urban and rural areas.
– National spatial development organization must link the land area with sea space and airspace; effectively participate in important economic corridors in region and process of international integration; actively adapt to changes in the world situation. Spatial organization of defense and security activities in order to firmly protect the country’s sovereignty, sovereign rights and territorial integrity.
2. Objectives to 2030
a) Overall objectives
Striving to 2030 to be a developing country with modern industry, high middle income; an efficient, unified and sustainable spatial organization model for national development, forming dynamic regions, economic centers and urban centers, with a synchronous and modern basic infrastructure network; maintaining major balances, improving resilience of the economy; ensure energy security, food security and water source security; ecological environment is protected, adapting to climate change; the people’s material and spiritual life is enhanced; national defense and security are guaranteed.
b) Specific objectives and targets
– Economic:
Striving for an average growth rate of gross domestic product (GDP) of the whole country to reach about 7.0%/year in a period of 2021 – 2030, of which southeast region and Red river delta region will increase by 8 – 8. 5 years. By 2030, GDP per capita at current prices will reach about 7,500 USD. Proportion in GDP of service sector is over 50%, industry – construction sector is over 40%, agriculture, forestry and fishery sector is less than 10%. Contribution of total factor productivity (TFP) to growth reached 50%.
To bring into play advantages of each socio-economic region; forming two dynamic regions north and south associated with two growth poles, Hanoi and Ho Chi Minh City, North-South economic corridor and Lao Cai – Hanoi – Hai Phong – Quang Ninh economic corridors. Moc Bai – Ho Chi Minh City – Vung Tau with synchronous and modern infrastructure with high growth rate, making great contributions to overall development of the country.
To basically form a national urban network, ensuring high connectivity between national central urban area and regional urban centers and rural areas; urbanization rate is over 50%.
Implementing national digital transformation, developing digital government, digital economy and digital society; share of the digital economy is about 30% of GDP.
– About society:
Population size by 2030 will reach about 105 million people. Human Development Index (HDI) remains above 0.7. An average life expectancy is 75 years, of which the healthy life expectancy is at least 68 years. Average residential floor area per capita in urban areas is at least 32 m2.
To develop Vietnamese education to an advanced level in the region; among top 10 countries with the best higher education systems in Asia. Ratio of university students is 260 per 10.000 person. Rate of trained workers with degrees and certificates is 35-40%.
Improve quality of health services on par with advanced countries in the region. Develop a national network of medical facilities to meet requirements of caring for, protecting and improving health of entire population, towards goals of equity, quality, efficiency and international integration. By 2030, to reach 35 hospital beds and 19 doctors per 10,000 people; rate of private hospital beds reaches 15%.
To develop a national network of cultural establishments, to ensure good performance of task of preserving and promoting value of national cultural identity and to promote development of the country’s cultural industry.
– About environment
Keep forest cover rate stable at 42 – 43%; improve quality of forests, increase area of nature reserves; protect and restore important natural ecosystems, improve quality of biodiversity; area of marine and coastal conservation zones will reach 3-5% of natural area of national sea; area of terrestrial nature reserves reaches 3 million ha.
Rate of wastewater treatment meeting national technical regulations on environment before discharging into river basins is over 70%. Rate of municipal collected and treated solid waste according to regulations is 95%. Intensity of greenhouse gas emissions as a percentage of GDP decrease by at least 15% comparing to 2014.
– About infrastructure development
To basically form national infrastructure framework, including North-South traffic axes (North-South expressway to the East, some sections of North-South expressway to the West, coastal roads), important East-West traffic axes, striving to have about 5,000 km of expressways throughout the country. To build a number of high-speed railway sections on the North-South route, railway lines connecting with major seaports and urban railways; international gateway ports combined with transshipment, major international airports. Develop energy infrastructure, information technology, large cities, infrastructure for environmental protection, response to climate change. Strongly develop digital infrastructure, data infrastructure to create a foundation for national digital transformation, develop digital government, digital economy and digital society.
– Regarding national defense and security:
Firmly protect national independence, sovereignty, unity and territorial integrity; closely and harmoniously combine economic, cultural and social development with consolidation of national defense and security; maintaining a peaceful environment, political stability and ensuring social order and safety.
3. Vision to 2050
To become a developed, high-income, fair, democratic and civilized society. Modern and synchronous infrastructure system. Areas of harmonious and sustainable development, effectively exploiting potentials and strengths. Smart urban system, modern, rich in identity, green. Preserve cultural identity and promote good values of the country. Good quality environment, harmonious society with nature, effective development towards circular economy, green economy, low carbon. In a period of 2031 – 2050, strive for a GDP growth rate of about 6.5-7.5%/year. GDP per capita at current prices by 2050 will reach about 27,000 – 32,000 USD. Rate of urbanization by 2050 will reach 70-75%. Human development index is high, people’s life is happy; national defense and security are firmly guaranteed.
II. National development key tasks and breakthroughs
1. To basically form a national infrastructure framework, focusing on transport infrastructure, energy, urban areas, digital infrastructure, environmental protection, irrigation, natural disaster prevention and adaptation and climate change adaptation, climate change and cultural and social infrastructure.
2. Accelerate economic restructuring and development space, ensuring productivity, quality and efficiency improvement. Prioritize development of a number of industries and fields that have potential and advantages and have great room to serve as a driving force for growth and improve the autonomy of the economy.
3. To develop important national growth dynamics and poles to form locomotives to attract national development. Select a number of locations, urban areas, regions with special advantages to build economic, financial centers, administrative-economic units with special institutions, mechanisms and breakthrough policies with high international competitiveness. At the same time, have appropriate mechanisms and policies to develop deep-lying, remote, border and island areas to contribute to political stability and maintain national defense and security.
4. Forming and developing economic corridors along the North-South and East-West axis connecting seaports, airports, international border gates, major trading hubs, urban centers and economic centers , growth pole. To develop industrial – urban – service belts in dynamic regions and large urban areas.
III. Development orientation of socio-economic space
1. Development of national dynamic regions
On basis of current key economic zones, select some areas with the most favorable conditions to form national dynamic zones, including: Triangle Hanoi – Hai Phong – Quang Ninh, Quadrilateral Ho Chi Minh City – Binh Duong – Dong Nai – Ba Ria – Vung Tau, coastal areas of Thua Thien – Hue – Da Nang – Quang Nam – Quang Ngai and Can Tho – An Giang – Kien Giang (including Phu Quoc) with respective growth poles of each region being Hanoi, Ho Chi Minh City, Da Nang, Can Tho, specifically:
a) Northern dynamic region (Triangle Hanoi – Hai Phong – Quang Ninh):
To develop northern key economic region, focusing on Hanoi – Hai Phong – Quang Ninh Triangle, along corridors of National Highway 5 and National Highway 18, in which, capital of Hanoi is the growth pole; plays an important role in development of Northern region and international connection.
To build Northern dynamic region into a national center of science, technology and innovation; taking the lead in development of science, technology, innovation, digital economy, digital society, digital government; develop a number of modern and high-quality service industries; processing and manufacturing industries with high added value, participating in global production chain; marine economic center with shipping industries, sea and island tourism, maritime economy and new marine economic sectors.
b) Southern dynamic region (Ho Chi Minh City – Binh Duong – Dong Nai – Ba Ria – Vung Tau Quadrilateral):
To develop southern key economic region, focusing on Ho Chi Minh City – Binh Duong – Dong Nai – Ba Ria – Vung Tau Quadrangle, in which Ho Chi Minh City is growth pole; plays an important role in development of southern region and international connection.
Building Southern dynamic region to become a center of economy, finance, trade, service, education – training and development of high quality human resources, science and technology, innovation, transformation in country and in Southeast Asia. Focus on strongly developing science, technology and innovation ecosystem, taking the lead in transforming growth models, building digital economy and society. Strongly develop financial services, banking, science and technology, logistics. Attract investment in high-tech industries, software parks, artificial intelligence. Developing marine economy such as logistics services, oil and gas exploitation and processing, sea tourism.
c) Central dynamic region (coastal area of Thua Thien – Hue – Da Nang – Quang Nam – Quang Ngai)
To develop central key economic region, focusing on coastal area of Thua Thien-Hue-Da Nang-Quang Nam-Quang Ngai to become a center of service, industry, training, healthcare, science and technology; logistics and marine tourism center; in which, Da Nang city is growth pole; plays an important role in linking and promoting development of Central Coast and Central Highlands.
Continue to form and develop a system of coastal urban centers, marine tourism and eco-tourism centers of regional and international stature; national center of petrochemical refining industry, automobile industry – supporting mechanical industry, high-tech park. Develop seaports and seaport services, infrastructure and logistics service centers for fisheries.
d) Dynamic region of Mekong River Delta (Can Tho – An Giang – Kien Giang Triangle)
To develop key economic region of Mekong Delta, focusing on Can Tho – An Giang – Kien Giang Triangle, in which Can Tho city is the growth pole, promoting socio-economic development in Mekong river delta and surrounding area.
To build dynamic region of Mekong Delta into a center of services, tourism, logistics, industry serving agriculture. To develop food processing industry, foodstuffs, mechanics and chemicals in service of agriculture. To form focal centers on agriculture associated with specialized farming areas; to build region into a national agricultural science and technology center and agricultural services. Developing marine economy, focusing on building Phu Quoc into a strong international marine eco-tourism and service center; connecting with major economic centers in the region and the world.
e) To gradually build and form dynamic zones in Northern midland and mountainous regions, North Central region and Central Highlands. In a period after 2030, study and add Khanh Hoa and Soc Trang provinces to national dynamic regions when suitable conditions are available.
2. Development of economic corridors
Forming and developing economic corridors along North-South axis and East-West direction based on highways, railways, connecting seaports, international airports and international border gates, a major trade hub and associated with urban areas, economic centers, and growth poles. Prioritize development of economic corridors associated with national dynamic region to promote growth and spillover effects.
a) Priority economic corridors in the period up to 2030
– North-South economic corridor
Prioritize formation and development of North-South economic corridor on basis of North-South traffic axis (North-South expressway to the East, National Highway 1A, North-South railway and high-speed railway…).
This is an economic corridor with a particularly important position, connecting dynamic regions, large cities and economic centers, making great contributions to the country’s socio-economic development, creating a ripple effect, promote development of coastal strip and the western region of the country.
Forming links between regional centers to create inter-regional economic relationships on corridor axis. To expand urban development and a system of industrial zones and clusters, service and tourism centers associated with provincial and regional central cities. Develop plans, arrange space for development of urban areas, industrial parks, logistics centers…associated with North-South economic corridor in regional and provincial plans to gradually form economy corridor.
– Developing Lao Cai – Hanoi – Hai Phong – Quang Ninh economic corridor, which is the main connecting axis of northern dynamic region and connects northern midlands and mountains with economic centers and ports; promoting trade and investment cooperation between localities of Vietnam and the southwestern region of China.
– To develop Moc Bai – Ho Chi Minh City – Vung Tau economic corridor in association with Trans-Asian economic corridor, which is the gateway to sea of the Southeast region, promoting economic development in Southeast region, Mekong delta and Central Highlands.
b) Gradually form and develop long-term economic corridors
– Economic corridor along Ho Chi Minh road and North-South Expressway to the West through the Central Highlands and Southeast.
Forming Central Highlands – Southeast economic corridor to promote development, regional linkage, associated with strengthening national defense and security. This is an economic corridor connecting industrial plant material areas, processing industries, linking and developing tourism “the green road of the Central Highlands”, enhancing spillover effects of regional central cities, small towns and cities, such as Buon Ma Thuot (Dak Lak), Pleiku (Gia Lai), Dong Xoai (Binh Phuoc).
– East-West economic corridors: To gradually form economic corridors:
+ Dien Bien – Son La – Hoa Binh – Hanoi economic corridor, connecting Northwest sub-region with Northern key economic region, plays a role in promoting socio-economic development of Northwest sub-region.
+ Cau Treo – Vung Ang economic corridor connects localities of Laos People’s Democratic Republic to seaports in Ha Tinh and Quang Binh, promoting socio-economic development of North Central provinces.
+ Lao Bao – Dong Ha – Da Nang economic corridor associated with East – West economic corridor of Greater Mekong Sub-region (GMS), connecting southern regions of Myanmar, central region of Thailand and Laos, seaports of central Vietnam, promoting trade, tourism and investment exchanges between countries, developing North Central and Central Coast regions.
+ Economic Corridor Bo Y – Pleiku – Quy Nhon, is gateway to sea of Cambodia – Laos – Vietnam Development Triangle area, connecting North Central Highlands provinces with South Central region provinces and seaports promoting socio-economic development in Central Highlands and South Central regions.
+ Chau Doc – Can Tho – Soc Trang economic corridor, central horizontal axis of Mekong Delta, connecting to seaport off the coast of Tran De estuary serving direct import and export for the region in future, promoting develop this area into a focal center for agriculture, industry, services, and logistics related to agriculture in the Mekong delta.
+ Ha Tien – Rach Gia – Ca Mau economic corridor, connecting with southern coastal corridor of Greater Mekong Sub-region to promote socio-economic development in West Coast and the Mekong Delta.
3. Territories in need of conservation and development restricted areas
a) Territories to be conserved
Territories that need conservation include strictly protected areas, ecological restoration areas of nature reserves at the national level; the core area of natural heritage recognized by international organizations; protection forest system, specifically:
– Strictly protected areas, ecological restoration zones of nature reserves at the national level: Conserve, strictly protect and expand the system of nature reserves, special-use forest conservation areas, marine and coastal protected areas.
– Core zone of natural heritage recognized by international organizations: Strictly preserve core zone of world natural heritages in Vietnam including important wetland areas (Ramsar); world natural heritage sites and world natural and cultural heritage sites; Biosphere Reserves; UNESCO Global Geoparks and ASEAN Heritage Sites. Expand areas with important ecological landscapes recognized by international organizations.
– Protection forests: Focus on protecting the area of protection forests to strengthen the resilience of the natural system, ensure national environmental security, and at the same time provide products and services for economic development, local socio-economic and community living near the forest.
b) Areas restricted from development
Restricted development areas include buffer zones of nature reserves; biodiversity corridor; water source protection corridor; areas at risk of landslides, mountains, pipe floods, flash floods, specifically:
– Buffer zones of nature reserves: To continue zoning, protecting and sustainably using buffer zones of existing conservation areas and buffer zones of newly established terrestrial and marine conservation zones.
– Biodiversity corridors, important wetlands: Zoning, protecting and sustainably using biodiversity corridors, which are areas connecting important natural ecological regions, corridors biodiversity corridors for migratory birds; zoning for protection and sustainable use of important wetlands located outside the protected area.
– Water source protection corridor: Identify protection corridors in the field, ensuring water sources are zoned for protection according to priority; building a map system of water protection corridors across the country, especially inter-provincial river basins, large reservoirs…
– Areas at risk of landslides, mountains, tube floods, flash floods: Develop disaster risk maps to orient, arrange and arrange development activities, and minimize the risk of impacts of natural disasters.
4. Development orientation and spatial distribution of a number of key industries
a) Industry
To develop an industry with high international competitiveness, capable of deeply participating in global production networks and value chains; realize the goal that by 2030, a developing country with modern industry will improve the autonomy of the economy. Focus on developing a number of fundamental industries to meet the needs of the economy’s basic means of production such as energy industry, mechanical engineering, mining, metallurgy, chemicals, fertilizers, and materials. Priority is given to the development of high-tech industries (electronics, semiconductor chip production, biological industry…), digital technology, new technologies; focus on developing information technology industry, processing and manufacturing industry for agriculture… Promote development of supporting industries, strengthen linkages between Vietnamese enterprises and foreign-invested enterprises. Develop green industries, associated with the circular economy model, cleaner production, economical and efficient use of resources.
To arrange industrial space in the direction associated with urban systems and service centers to form economic corridors and dynamic zones. Expand the industrial development space to the west of the North-South Expressway to the east, the midlands to reduce pressure on land use in the delta and mitigate the impact of climate change. To develop the mining and processing industry in association with raw material and resource zones; expand industrial clusters (agricultural, forestry, fishery processing, processing industry, support…) associated with development centers in rural areas. To distribute industrial zones and clusters with reasonable scale, focus on specialized fields, and combine production with industrial services; develop industrial complexes specialized in these fields. Forming modern industrial – service – urban zones; ensure the synchronous connection between the industrial park and the system of technical and social infrastructure works.
b) Service
Development of the service sector accounts for a large proportion of the economy with quality, efficiency, high competitiveness and international integration. To build service, commerce, finance, banking centers… of regional and international stature in big cities, in association with the development of dynamic zones and economic corridors.
To develop domestic trade in the direction of modernity, civilization and sustainability, and to build brands of Vietnamese goods; restructuring towards innovation and digitization of business methods. To develop synchronous and modern commercial infrastructure suitable to the characteristics and conditions of each region. Firmly develop international trade in sync with the development of industrialization, exploiting the maximum benefits from globalization. Strongly developing e-commerce. Forming large logistics centers associated with large seaports, airports and international border gates.
To form tourism development driving areas, national and regional tourism centers with particularly attractive tourism resources, regional and international competitiveness to promote and spread the development of tourism in the region and the whole country.
c) Agriculture, forestry and fishery
To develop a highly competitive agricultural economy of the leading group in the region and in the world with efficient commodity production areas with appropriate scale based on regional, regional and local advantages; firmly ensure national food security and adapt to climate change. To develop agriculture according to value chains, industry clusters, associated with the processing industry and develop agricultural and rural tourism; implement digital transformation to promote organizational innovation and improve agricultural production efficiency. Allow flexibility to change the structure of crops and livestock on rice land but do not change the nature and conditions of rice land use so that it can be converted back to rice cultivation when necessary.
To develop the Mekong Delta into a sustainable, dynamic and highly efficient agricultural economic center of the country, region and the world; develop key products in the direction of increasing the proportion of aquatic products, fruits and reducing the proportion of rice reasonably. The Red River Delta region develops agriculture towards high efficiency, organic, urban-serving agriculture, associated with new rural construction. Increase the area of fruit trees, protect forests and develop the forestry economy, in association with the processing industry in the Central Highlands, the Northern Midlands and Mountains. For coastal areas, develop coastal aquaculture in combination with planting and protecting mangrove forests; gradually reduce the level of fishing in the high seas, rearrange the livelihoods of the fishing community to develop aquaculture and seafood processing and tourism services.
IV. Development orientation of marine space
1. The maritime space includes coastal land, islands, archipelagoes, sea areas and airspace under Vietnam’s sovereignty, sovereign rights and jurisdiction.
2. Building Vietnam into a country strong in the sea, rich from the sea, with sustainable development, prosperity, security and safety. To develop breakthroughs in marine economic sectors, especially tourism and marine services; maritime economy; exploiting oil and gas and other marine mineral resources; aquaculture and fishing; coastal industry; renewable energy and new marine economic sectors.
3. Sea areas are divided into functional zones of protection, conservation, economic development, national defense and security and management of use according to zones where exploitation is prohibited, conditional exploitation and development is encouraged for marine and regional economic sectors that need special protection for national defense and security, environmental protection, and ecosystem conservation.
– Areas prohibited from exploitation include: Areas reserved for national defense and security activities, prohibited from civil activities; and strictly protected subdivisions of marine protected areas.
– Areas of conditional exploitation include: Areas for national defense and security activities in combination with economy and areas for economic activities in combination with national defense and security; service – administrative subdivision and buffer zone of the marine protected area.
– Areas in need of special protection for national defense and security purposes, environmental protection and ecosystem conservation include: Important areas for national defense and security purposes requiring special protection; the ecosystem restoration subdivision, the administrative-service subdivision and the buffer zone of the conservation area; areas in areas of conditional exploitation, areas that are encouraged for development but are environmentally sensitive, vulnerable to human impacts, natural disasters, and climate change; areas with biological species, habitats such as coral reefs, seagrass beds, mangroves at risk of destruction, degradation and other important, high-value ecosystems.
– Areas encouraged for development are the remaining sea areas excluding areas where exploitation is prohibited, areas of conditional exploitation, areas that need special protection for the purposes of national defense, security, environmental protection and conservation.
4. Orientation to seas and coasts
Develop sea and coastal areas based on advantages of natural conditions, harmonize conservation and development, and maximize comparative advantages in terms of natural conditions, geographical location and cultural identity, ecosystem diversity. To develop coastal road traffic corridors, coastal urban areas and complete infrastructure, as a basis for the development of marine economic activities.
– Northern sea and coastal areas (Quang Ninh – Ninh Binh): Continue to build Hai Phong – Quang Ninh area into a marine economic center, a driving force for the development of the Northern key economic region associated with Lach Huyen International port; develop Quang Ninh into a national tourism center connecting with major international tourist centers of the region and the world. To develop a number of marine industries with advantages associated with coastal economic zones and industrial zones.
– North Central Coast and North Central Coast, Central Coast (Thanh Hoa – Binh Thuan): Focus on strongly developing marine economy combined with ensuring national defense and security at sea, especially fishing and farming offshore seafood. Restructure fishing, aquaculture and seafood in association with processing industry, logistics services and fisheries infrastructure, ensuring sustainability and high efficiency. Improve the efficiency of development of coastal economic zones. Continue to form and develop a system of coastal urban areas, marine tourism and eco-tourism centers of regional and international stature. To develop seaports and seaport services, especially specialized seaports associated with economic zones and industrial parks.
– Southeastern sea and coastal areas (Ba Ria – Vung Tau – Ho Chi Minh City): Focus on developing Cai Mep – Thi Vai port to truly become an international transshipment port, associated with the trans-economic corridor ASIAN. To develop seaport logistics services, maritime safety assurance services, oil and gas exploitation and processing industries, supporting industries and petroleum industry services. Build high-quality beach resorts.
– Southwestern sea and coastal areas (Tien Giang – Ca Mau – Kien Giang): To focus on building and developing Phu Quoc city into a strong international marine eco-tourism and service center. To develop gas industry, gas processing, gas power, renewable energy, aquaculture, seafood exploitation, logistics services, fisheries infrastructure.
5. Orientation towards islands and archipelagos
Promote economic development in the islands in combination with ensuring national defense and security at sea. Develop fishing logistics and search and rescue service centers on several islands. Focus on building infrastructure for islands inhabited by a number of key islands. To build Truong Sa island district into an economic, cultural and social center, a fishery logistics center, a fishing port, a seaport, a place for storm shelter, search and rescue; develop tourist routes connecting the island with the mainland; become a solid stronghold protecting the country’s sovereignty over sea and islands. Continue to struggle and assert sovereignty over the Hoang Sa and Truong Sa archipelagoes by peaceful measures in accordance with international law and the 1982 United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea.
V. National land use orientation
1. To ensure the demand for land use to realize socio-economic development goals. Reasonable, economical and efficient allocation of land resources to sectors, fields and localities in socio-economic development, ensuring national defense and security, associated with environmental protection, adaptation with climate change.
2. Arranging land fund to meet the requirements of developing a synchronous infrastructure system, ensuring connection of inter-sectoral, inter-regional development space, economic corridors and development driving regions of the country , creating a breakthrough to meet the development requirements of the country, especially in terms of transport, energy and digital infrastructure, enhancing connectivity with the region and the world. Prioritize the land fund to meet the increasing demand for culture, physical training, sports, education, health… of the people. Secure land fund for defense and security purposes.
3. To manage 3.5 million ha of rice-growing land, form concentrated and large-scale commodity production areas; converting inefficient rice-growing land to more efficient crop and livestock production. Strictly control the conversion of agricultural land, especially rice-growing land to other uses, along with ensuring the interests of rice growers and rice-growing localities.
4. Strictly manage, protect and restore natural forests in association with biodiversity conservation, landscape protection and ecological environment. Strongly develop and improve the quality of planted forests, especially special-use forests, watershed protection forests and coastal protection forests.
5. Expand the industrial zone’s land area, concentrating in dynamic zones, associated with economic corridors. Continue to expand urban land associated with the process of urbanization.
VI. Orientation for exploitation and use of airspace
1. The operating orientation of flight information areas has not changed compared to the present, including Hanoi flight information area and Ho Chi Minh City flight information area.
2. To organize and manage the airspace of airports and airfields to be expanded or newly built during the planning period. Effectively exploit and optimize the organization of airspace and flight modes of airports and airfields in operation.
3. Open new inter-regional domestic routes, strengthen connections to key tourist areas of the country. Increasing the frequency and points of operation, expanding Vietnam’s connection in the regional and international route network. To increase the exploitation of international routes for transporting goods by specialized aircraft.
VII. Space organization for regional development and regional linkage orientation
1. Organize development space according to 06 regions as follows:
a) Northern midland and mountainous region, including 14 provinces: Ha Giang, Cao Bang, Lang Son, Bac Giang, Phu Tho, Thai Nguyen, Bac Kan, Tuyen Quang, Lao Cai, Yen Bai, Lai Chau, Son La , Dien Bien and Hoa Binh. The Northern midland and mountainous region is divided into two sub-regions Northeast and Northwest.
b) The Red River Delta region, including 11 provinces and cities: Hanoi, Hai Phong, Hai Duong, Hung Yen, Vinh Phuc, Bac Ninh, Thai Binh, Nam Dinh, Ha Nam, Ninh Binh and Quang Ninh.
c) The North Central and Central Coast regions, including 14 provinces and cities: Thanh Hoa, Nghe An, Ha Tinh, Quang Binh, Quang Tri, Thua Thien Hue, Da Nang, Quang Nam, Quang Ngai, Binh Dinh, Phu Yen, Khanh Hoa, Ninh Thuan and Binh Thuan. The North Central Coast and the Central Coast are divided into two sub-regions, the North Central Coast and the South Central Coast.
d) The Central Highlands region, including 5 provinces: Kon Tum, Gia Lai, Dak Lak, Dak Nong and Lam Dong.
Southeast region, including 6 provinces and cities: Ho Chi Minh City, Dong Nai, Ba Ria – Vung Tau, Binh Duong, Binh Phuoc, Tay Ninh.
e) The Mekong Delta region, including 13 provinces and cities: Can Tho City, Long An, Tien Giang, Ben Tre, Tra Vinh, Vinh Long, An Giang, Dong Thap, Kien Giang, Hau Giang, Soc Trang , Bac Lieu and Ca Mau.
2. Development orientation and regional linkage
a) Northern midland and mountainous region:
Striving for the growth rate of GRDP to reach 8 – 9%/year. Develop the region towards green, sustainable and comprehensive. Concentrate on protecting and restoring special-use forests and watershed protection forests; sustainable forestry economic development, improving the lives of forest people; expanding the area of fruit trees; efficiently exploit and use mineral resources; ensure water security. Developing processing, manufacturing and energy industries; high-tech, organic, specialty agriculture; border economy. Forming tourist centers, tourism products bearing specific characteristics of the region such as tourism to the source, visiting to learn about the national cultural identity; high mountain ecosystems, caves. To study and build the belt of Bac Giang – Thai Nguyen – Phu Tho to become the driving force for the growth of the whole region.
To form and develop intra-regional and inter-regional economic corridors, connecting the region with the major economic centers of the Northern key economic region. To build expressways, pre-highways, road routes connecting localities with highways, border belt roads, important national highways connecting localities in the region. To study and invest in and upgrade a number of airports in the region. To build electrified railway lines from Lao Cai and Lang Son to Hanoi – Hai Phong.
b) The Red River Delta:
Strive for the growth rate of GRDP to reach about 8 – 8.5%/year. Focus on developing modern industrial production and service industries: electronics, software production, artificial intelligence, automobile manufacturing, supporting industries, commercial services, logistics, finance – banking, tourism, telecommunications, high-quality training, specialized healthcare. Building innovation centers, taking the lead in science and technology development. To develop high-tech application agriculture, clean and organic agriculture, serving urban areas. Developing satellite cities to reduce pressure in big cities; economical and efficient use of land resources. Restoration of river flows and ecological environment; research solutions to regulate water level so that irrigation works can actively take water for production and daily life. Continue to build Hai Phong – Quang Ninh area to become a marine economic center. Developing economic belt in the Gulf of Tonkin (Ninh Binh – Quang Ninh).
To develop intra-regional and inter-regional economic corridors, connecting with the northern midland and mountainous regions, and the North-South economic corridor in the region; developing the economic belt in the Gulf of Tonkin (Ninh Binh – Quang Ninh). To build high-speed roads connecting Hanoi capital with localities inside and outside the region, coastal routes, ring roads 4 and 5 in Hanoi capital region. Building North – South high-speed railway, electrified railway routes from Hanoi to major international seaports and border gates. To study and build a second airport for the Hanoi Capital region.
c) North Central Region and Central Coast:
Strive for the growth rate of GRDP to reach 7-7.5%/year. To strongly develop the marine economy in combination with ensuring national defense and security at sea. Improve the efficiency of the seaport system, coastal economic zones and industrial parks; to develop the industries of refining and petrochemical, metallurgy, mechanical engineering, agro-forestry-fishery processing industry, and renewable energy. To develop sea and island tourism, eco-tourism and cultural-historical tourism. Promote aquaculture, exploitation and processing of seafood, logistics service centers and fisheries infrastructure. Improve capacity for natural disaster prevention and control, proactively and effectively respond to climate change. To build coastal areas of three provinces Thanh Hoa – Nghe An – Ha Tinh to become the industrial development center of the region and the whole country.
To develop the transport network in association with the formation of the North-South economic corridor through the region and the East-West corridors connecting international border gates, major cities and seaports. Construction of expressways to the Central Highlands. Strengthen infrastructure connectivity and effectively exploit the seaport system, build logistics service centers.
d) Central Highlands region:
Striving for the growth rate of GRDP to reach about 7 – 7.5%/year. Protecting special-use forests and watershed protection forests in association with ensuring water source security. Develop a highly efficient agricultural economy with an appropriate scale and adapt to climate change; improve the efficiency of industrial plant development, expand the area of fruit trees, medicinal herbs, vegetables and flowers. To develop the forestry economy, to improve the living standards of forest people. To step up the development of agro-forestry product processing industry and renewable energy; sustainable development of bauxite mining, alumina processing, and aluminum production. To develop eco-tourism, convalescence and cultural tourism in association with preserving and promoting the values and cultural identities of the Central Highlands ethnic groups.
To develop economic corridors connecting the Central Highlands – Southeast, East-West corridors connecting the Central Highlands with the South Central Coast. To build an expressway network and upgrade the intra-regional transport network, inter-regional routes with localities in the Southeast region, along the South Central Coast, with Southern Laos and Northeast Cambodia. To build a railway line through the Central Highlands.
e) Southeast region:
Strive for the growth rate of GRDP to reach about 8 – 8.5%/year. To build the Southeast to become a dynamic development region with high economic growth rate, the largest growth engine in the country; science, technology and innovation center, high-tech industry, logistics and international financial center with high competitiveness in the region; taking the lead in innovating growth models and digital transformation. To develop modern industrial – service – urban parks and high-tech industrial parks. New construction of a number of large-scale centralized information technology parks, forming a dynamic region of the information technology industry, attracting investment in manufacturing electrical and electronic products, Internet of Things (IoT) products. ), artificial intelligence. Strongly develop marine economy, seaport logistics services, oil and gas exploitation and processing industry, oil and gas industry services, develop marine tourism. Improve the efficiency of the development of industrial crops, fruit trees, and concentrated animal husbandry in association with processing and product branding, and promote the application of high technology. The fields of culture, society, education – training, and health are leading the development of the whole country. Basically solve environmental pollution, traffic congestion and flooding.
Creating a driving force for linkage, spreading, promoting cooperation and development through the North-South economic corridor, the Central Highlands-Southeast economic corridor. To develop the industrial chain – Moc Bai – Ho Chi Minh City – Cai Mep – Thi Vai port in association with the Trans-Asian economic corridor. To build high-speed roads connecting Ho Chi Minh City with localities inside and outside the region, ring roads 3 and 4 of Ho Chi Minh City. Building electrified railway lines connecting urban centers to gateway international seaports and airports. To build and put into operation Long Thanh international airport.
e) Mekong River Delta:
Striving for the growth rate of GRDP to reach about 6.5 – 7%/year. To develop the Mekong Delta into a sustainable, dynamic and highly efficient agricultural economic center of the whole country, the region and the world. To concentrate on modern, large-scale commodity agricultural production in association with the processing industry and product branding; restructuring key products in the direction of reducing rice, increasing fruit and aquatic products; more flexible agricultural land use. To build a national creative start-up center for agriculture in the region. Green industry development, renewable energy; focus on developing agricultural and aquatic product processing industry, agriculture-serving industry, supporting industry… Developing the Mekong Delta into an international brand of agricultural-rural tourism, tourism eco-tourism (river gardens, wetlands) and marine tourism. Actively adapt to climate change and sea level rise, build works to prevent erosion, saltwater intrusion, and protect mangrove ecosystems.
On the North – South economic corridor, focus on developing the Can Tho – Long An section as the driving economic – urban – industrial corridor of the region. To form and develop a number of East-West economic corridors. Increase investment in infrastructure connecting the region with Ho Chi Minh City and the Southeast region; invest in the system of coastal roads through the provinces; inland waterway infrastructure development; upgrade main channels, including navigational channels for large tonnage ships.
VIII. Orientation for the development of the national urban and rural system
1. Overall orientation of the urban system
Accelerate urbanization, form an urban system, create an important driving force for rapid and sustainable socio-economic development. Improve the quality of urban development in terms of economy, society, infrastructure, housing, and people’s quality of life. Improve the economic competitiveness and integration of the urban system.
To develop a sustainable urban system according to a network, reasonably distributed, ensuring synchronization, unity and balance among regions and regions; develop urban areas with integrated functions in the direction of green, smart cities that adapt to climate change. Ensure connectivity between urban and rural areas. Choosing an urban center with special advantages to build it into an economic, financial, trade, service center… with high regional and international competitiveness. To develop coastal and island urban systems in a sustainable manner, protecting natural ecosystems; focus on urban development on the basis of preserving and promoting heritage, cultural and historical factors.
Forming and developing a number of cities and smart dynamic urban chains connecting with the region and the world. To build and develop large central cities into dynamic, creative, leading urban centers and create spillover effects, linking urban areas; enough competitiveness, regional and international integration, plays an important role in the urban network of Southeast Asia and Asia. Focus on developing high-quality, high-value-added services in the fields of science – technology, healthcare, training, information technology…, limiting investment attraction in industries Processing and manufacturing industries use a lot of land and labor. To strongly develop satellite towns of a number of large urban centers, especially Hanoi and Ho Chi Minh City.
Prioritize the development of urban centers associated with economic corridors to become central cities suitable to the functions of each region, promoting spillover development.
Develop small and medium-sized cities in close relationship, sharing functions with large cities, gradually reducing the development gap between cities. Focus on developing small towns and peri-urban areas to support rural development through urban-rural linkages. To develop specific urban models (tourist cities, university towns, creative cities, border-gate economic cities, island towns…).
2. Orientation of distribution of large urban areas
a) Hanoi urban area
To build an urban system in the Hanoi region including Hanoi capital and satellite towns in surrounding provinces in the Red River Delta and the Northern midlands and mountainous region in order to share the function of education and training, construction, health care, science – technology, trade – service – tourism, limiting excessive concentration on the central urban area of Hanoi.
Focus on developing urban infrastructure and synchronous and modern connection infrastructure, including axes from Hanoi connecting with major cities of the region, ring roads 4, 5 and railway lines. urban areas, the ring railway in the east of Hanoi city, promoting linkages and spreading socio-economic development to the whole northern region. Forming industrial – urban – service belts along ring roads 4 and 5.
To develop Hanoi urban area into a smart, dynamic, creative and leading city; leader in science and technology; international transaction center, high quality education – training, healthcare, finance – banking services; important transport hub of the region and the world. Focus on building modern urban infrastructure, especially traffic and drainage infrastructure, to soon overcome congestion and flooding. Speed up urban railway projects; to build more bridges across the Red and Duong rivers; urban underground space development.
To build cities directly under the capital, satellite towns with synchronous infrastructure, urban utilities and services and convenient traffic connections to the center, in order to accelerate urbanization and reduce traffic jam in the inner city area and expand the development space of Hanoi.
b) Ho Chi Minh City area
To build an urban system in the Ho Chi Minh City region including Ho Chi Minh City and urban areas in the Southeast provinces and some localities in the Mekong River Delta in order to share functions in services and public transport, industry, education – training, health care, science – technology, limiting excessive concentration on the central urban area of Ho Chi Minh City.
To build axes from Ho Chi Minh City connecting with major cities of the region, ring roads 3, 4 and urban railways, railways connecting airports, international gateway seaports, promoting linkages and spreading socio-economic development for the whole southern region. Forming industrial – urban – service belts along the 3rd and 4th ring roads.
Ho Chi Minh City is the core urban area, the development center of the whole region; quickly switch to high-quality services and become a competitive international financial center in the region; leading in high-tech industry, science – technology, innovation, education – training, specialized healthcare and is the focal point of international trade. Focus on planning and effective exploitation of underground space. Research and exploit potentials and advantages to develop Thu Duc and Can Gio areas to become a new growth engine for Ho Chi Minh City.
c) Da Nang urban area
To build an urban system in Da Nang region including Da Nang city and neighboring urban centers. Promoting the role of Da Nang city as a center for entrepreneurship, innovation, tourism, commerce, finance, logistics, high-tech industry, information technology; is one of the centers of education – training, high quality healthcare, science – technology of the country; Center for organizing regional and international events. Developing Da Nang City into a growth pole, an important driving force, playing a key role in promoting socio-economic development in the key economic region of the Central and North Central Highlands.
d) Can Tho urban area
To build an urban system in Can Tho region with the central urban area being Can Tho city and neighboring urban centers to become centers of trade, tourism, logistics, processing industry, and technology-applied agriculture. high, education and training, specialized health care, science and technology, culture and sports of the whole region; exploiting expressways connecting Can Tho with Ho Chi Minh City, and urban areas in the Mekong Delta. To develop Can Tho city as a nuclear city, a growth pole, promoting the development of the entire Mekong Delta region.
3. Orientation for rural development
a) To develop comprehensively, modernly, green, clean and beautiful rural areas in association with the process of urbanization, with synchronous infrastructure and social services and close proximity to urban areas; preserve and promote national cultural identity; security and order are guaranteed; economic structure and forms of production organization rationally, creating sustainable livelihoods for people; stable rural society; people’s intellectuals are enhanced; rural landscape bright, green, clean, beautiful and safe.
b) Develop population distribution models suitable to each natural ecological region, cultural characteristics, ethnic groups, socio-economic conditions. To plan the rearrangement of residential areas for areas prone to frequent natural disasters and landslides.
For peri-urban rural areas, accelerate urbanization, develop urban agriculture, gradually improve infrastructure, develop social services of a quality close to that of urban areas, and form residential areas, focus on green and ecological rural areas. To develop satellite towns to reduce the load on main urban areas and gradually bring urban development to rural areas.
For rural areas in concentrated agricultural production areas in the Mekong River Delta and Central Highlands, the development orientation of rural residential areas associated with production areas, specialized cultivation areas and processing clusters – services, harmoniously linking with municipalities to ensure basic service provision.
For the traditional rural areas in the northern mountainous region, some regions in the Red River Delta and other regions, to develop concentrated residential areas of appropriate size in connection with urban areas; to support the construction of essential infrastructure for rural areas in disadvantaged areas and ethnic minority areas.
Prioritize the comprehensive, rapid and sustainable development of ethnic minority and mountainous areas; exploit the potential, effectively promote the region’s comparative advantages, protect the environment and living space of ethnic minorities. Shorten the income gap between ethnic minorities and mountainous areas compared to developed areas.
4. Continue to arrange urban and rural administrative units, ensure the size and quality, and meet the standards of administrative units as prescribed.
IX. Orientation for the development of social infrastructure industries
Prioritize investment in high-quality social infrastructure, approaching the level of advanced countries in the region and the world in big cities and dynamic regions. Pay attention to building social infrastructure in difficult areas, ensuring harmony and balance between economic development and cultural and social development. Forming a synchronous, modern, sustainable and integrated social safety net.
1. To develop higher education to meet the requirements of providing high-quality human resources associated with investment in scientific research and innovation in key fields, serving the needs of sustainable development. stability of the country; meet diverse learning needs as well as socio-economic development requirements of each region, region and locality. Organize and rearrange higher education institutions; upgrade a number of universities, major universities and universities of pedagogy to become prestigious and high-quality training centers in the region and the world. To develop a number of university urban areas.
Develop a network of vocational education institutions in an open and flexible manner, creating opportunities for all people to access and enjoy vocational education services, ensuring the scale, structure and quality of training meet the needs of the people, meet labor market requirements and international integration. To develop vocational training centers, especially vocational skills training suitable to the development of priority occupations in major economic centers.
Improve the quality, expand and rationally distribute the network of preschool and general education institutions, meeting the social demand for access to educational services. Building a network of specialized educational institutions for people with disabilities and a system of centers to support the development of inclusive education, meeting the needs of people to access and enjoy quality educational services. Developing and strengthening continuing education institutions, especially community learning centers, continuing education centers in disadvantaged areas, implementing illiteracy eradication, fostering and updating knowledge and skills to serve the economic development of ethnic minority areas, ensuring equity in education.
To develop a system of national defense and security education centers with a scale suitable to the training tasks in each area in order to consolidate and build the all-people national defense, the all-people defense posture in association with security the people’s security posture.
2. To arrange and allocate space for the national network of hospitals in an appropriate manner, ensuring that all people have favorable access to high-quality healthcare services. Each region has a national hospital that assumes the role of a tertiary level hospital. To build a number of regional and international hospitals; to form and develop modern specialized medical centers. Building the National Center for Disease Control. To build a number of national vaccine research, technology transfer and production facilities. Develop regional testing centers that meet regional and international standards, meeting the needs of testing, inspection, and standardization of drugs, cosmetics, food, medical equipment…
3. Cultural development is really the spiritual foundation and network of national cultural facilities to meet the people’s demand for creativity and cultural enjoyment, and to organize national and international cultural and artistic events. Building national cultural establishments into strong and competitive brands, ensuring the well-implemented task of preserving and promoting the value of national cultural identity, and at the same time promoting the development of cultural heritages. cultural industry of the country. Newly build and upgrade national museums in a synchronous and modern direction. Invest in renovating and upgrading national libraries, provincial public libraries, specialized libraries, university libraries… Continue to invest in new construction and upgrading national performing arts establishments in Hanoi, Ho Chi Minh City and a number of provinces in a synchronous and modern direction to meet the requirements of organizing national and international art events. Invest in the development, embellishment and preservation of cultural heritages, especially those recognized by UNESCO. Develop a synchronous and modern national network of physical training and sports facilities, with a number of constructions up to international standards.
4. Developing science and technology organizations, increasing both quantity and quality. Building and improving the operational efficiency of the national innovation system and the innovation startup ecosystem; strengthen the potential of the system of innovation centers, national, regional and local innovative start-up centers to support and promote technology transfer and innovation activities. Forming and developing the National Innovation Startup Support Center in Hanoi, Ho Chi Minh City, Da Nang, Can Tho and other conditional provinces and cities. Forming innovation clusters on the basis of linking science and technology organizations with hi-tech parks, hi-tech agricultural parks, financial centers, venture capital funds, universities and research institutes.
Make key investments to develop a number of public science and technology institutions to reach the regional and international advanced levels. Reviewing and streamlining research and development organizations under ministries and branches, overcoming duplication and overlapping of functions and tasks, in line with priority orientations in science and technology , innovation, serving the socio-economic development of the country and the industry. Consolidate and develop research organizations to serve the formulation of policies, strategies, plans and development plans of provinces and centrally run cities. Make key investments to form science and technology organizations that play the role of linking value chains, industry clusters, innovation ecosystems, and start-ups in different regions. To develop science and technology organizations belonging to state-owned groups and corporations to become specialized research institutes, providing leading technologies, creating competitive advantages, and serving socio economic development of the country. To encourage economic groups and large non-state enterprises to form research and development units.
5. Encourage the reorganization, merger and consolidation of press agencies of the provinces and centrally-run cities and of central ministries and branches in the direction of convergence, multimedia and multi-platform. Forming large publishing houses, rationally distributing publication distribution system.
6. Develop a network of social support establishments that are capable and large enough to meet the needs of access to and enjoyment of grass-roots social assistance public services of target groups subject to social protection. To step by step modernize social assistance facilities to ensure the provision of social assistance services according to national standards and to approach international standards.
7. Building a network of national nursing and nurturing establishments capable of performing well the functions and tasks of nurturing and nursing people with meritorious services. Research, experiment, apply methods, expertise and techniques to deeply integrate nursing and nurturing with health care and other social care for people with meritorious services.
X. Development orientation of technical infrastructure industries
Concentrate resources on developing infrastructure networks to promote the formation of economic corridors and soon form a synchronous and modern infrastructure system in dynamic regions.
1. To develop a synchronous transport infrastructure system on the basis of bringing into play the advantages of transport specialties. Developing a road network to create a continuous and widespread connection to all areas of the country. To build railways as the main modes of transport on the North-South axis and on key economic corridors, connecting with major seaports. To attach importance to the development of inland waterway transport.
The organization of the national traffic space is as follows:
– Forming North-South national longitudinal axis corridors with all 5 modes of transport.
– For the Northern region, form radial corridors connecting with Hanoi Capital (the growth pole), East-West corridors to connect fan blades in the western mountainous region to seaports.
– For the central region, form East-West axes connecting the West region with seaports in the East and external links with Laos and Cambodia.
– For the southern region, form grid-like corridors along the East-West and North-South axis, exploiting the advantages of inland waterway transport and large seaports and airports, connecting traffic.
– In the special urban areas of Hanoi and Ho Chi Minh City, to form ring routes and radial axes connecting the belt, satellite urban area with the city center.
Completing the construction of the North-South expressway in the East and expressways connecting with major economic centers, associated with dynamic regions such as Hanoi, Ho Chi Minh City, Da Nang and Can Tho. Poetry, connecting special seaports, international airports, international border gates with great import and export demand; expressways associated with the formation of East-West economic corridors.
To speed up the construction of the North-South high-speed railway, in the immediate future, to invest in the sections Hanoi – Vinh, Nha Trang – Ho Chi Minh City and Ho Chi Minh City – Can Tho. To build regional railways, railways connecting to international gateway seaports in Hai Phong – Quang Ninh, Ba Ria – Vung Tau and important international border gates; give priority to the construction of new railway lines Lao Cai – Hanoi – Hai Phong, Bien Hoa – Vung Tau. Invest in building key railways and urban railways in Hanoi and Ho Chi Minh City.
Upgrading and building gateway seaports with international container transshipment functions at Lach Huyen (Hai Phong) and Cai Mep – Thi Vai (Ba Ria – Vung Tau); gateway port of the central key economic region in Da Nang. Research on construction and development of Can Gio international transshipment port, Ho Chi Minh City.
Investing in construction of Long Thanh international airport; focus on expanding and upgrading major international airports playing the key role: Noi Bai, Tan Son Nhat; expanding international airports associated with dynamic regions such as Van Don, Cat Bi, Chu Lai, Cam Ranh, Can Tho, Phu Quoc…
Invest in and synchronously upgrade main river routes to transport goods, containers, specialized and large-volume goods on inland waterways in the Red River Delta and the Mekong River Delta. Invest and effectively exploit the coastal transport corridor from Quang Ninh to Kien Giang.
2. Firmly ensure national energy security, provide adequate, stable and high-quality energy for socio-economic development, strive to achieve the net emission target of “zero” by year 2050.
Develop energy infrastructure, convert energy in the direction of using green and clean fuel sources. To develop wind and solar power sources, especially those with energy storage systems, biomass electricity and other renewable energies; increase the share of renewable energy in the total primary energy supply. To renovate, upgrade and build a new inter-regional 500 KV transmission grid in sync with the development of power sources, ensuring savings and efficiency.
To step up search and exploration to increase oil and gas reserves and output in potential, deep-water and offshore areas in association with the task of protecting national sovereignty at sea. Gas industry development; research and invest in technical infrastructure to serve the import and consumption of liquefied natural gas (LNG). Developing energy centers associated with petrochemical complexes, making use of the infrastructure invested in existing and under construction refineries and petrochemical facilities. To step up domestic coal mining on the basis of ensuring safety, efficiency and savings; expanding search and exploration, improving the quality of assessment of reserves and resources.
3. To develop synchronous and closely linked information and communication infrastructure, forming a unified and modern posture on the basis of advanced digital technology application; be able to provide reliable information and communication services at reasonable prices; ensure network information security; meet the requirements of information technology application and digital transformation in building digital government, digital economy and digital society.
To develop a synchronous and modern postal network, becoming one of the essential infrastructures of the country and of the digital economy. Expanding regional and international Internet connections, making Vietnam one of the regional data centers. Building data centers associated with dynamic regions and economic corridors; develop clusters of national data centers in the northern and southern regions. Shifting investment in construction of the national backbone transmission system from focusing on development along the North-South axis to expanding development along the East-West axis, improving the backup capacity and load distribution for the national backbone network.
Completing national-scale digital platforms for smooth operation to meet the requirements of digital government, digital economy and digital society. Continue to develop centralized information technology parks and software park chain members. Attract investment, strongly develop concentrated information technology zones in Ho Chi Minh City, Hanoi, Da Nang, Hai Phong, Can Tho and some regions with strong development of information technology industry .
4. To develop irrigation systems to ensure irrigation, drainage, water supply and drainage for agriculture, people’s livelihoods and economic sectors, contributing to sustainable socio-economic development, environmental protection and adaptation, respond to climate change.
Upgrade key works, main canal system… to ensure design capacity of inter-provincial irrigation systems. Develop solutions to regulate water sources on the main stream of rivers with difficulties in river bottom lowering, complicated river level and high risk of saline intrusion such as Red River, Ma River, Ca River, Vu Gia River – Thu Bon…
Completing the construction and upgrading of key irrigation works and reservoirs to ensure water security for production and people’s life, especially in the Central Highlands, South Central and Mekong River Delta regions. . Implement solutions so that irrigation works can actively collect water at all times in the Red River Delta.
To build water control works at large estuaries to actively control salinity, store fresh water, and replenish fresh water to coastal areas for people’s livelihood, aquaculture and agricultural production. To build and strengthen the system of flood prevention and combat works to protect urban areas, especially big cities. Consolidate and upgrade the nationwide sea dyke system.
5. To build a complete, synchronous and modern national network of hydrometeorological stations, natural resources and environment monitoring network in the direction of high automation, ensuring openness and integration, integrate, connect, share information and data; participate in the global hydrometeorological network. Striving to 2030, the national network of hydrometeorological stations has a station density equal to that of developed countries in Asia, the national environmental and natural resource monitoring network reaches the leading level in the Southeast region Asia and the advanced level of Asia.
To give priority to the development of hydrometeorological stations with many monitoring elements, climate change monitoring stations, and integrated monitoring stations for environmental resources. Develop a national environmental monitoring network associated with affected areas such as inter-provincial river basins, key economic development areas, large lakes with strictly protected water sources, areas with inter-regional, inter-provincial nature, watershed areas, areas with large concentration of waste sources, marine areas, areas with complex hydrological conditions. To prioritize the arrangement of modern and automated environmental hydrological monitoring stations at the headwaters of large transboundary rivers.
6. Develop a system of fishing ports and storm shelters for fishing vessels to meet the needs of fisheries logistics services, ensure food hygiene and safety, reduce post-harvest losses, and ensure safety for fishing vessels and fishermen; improve the efficiency of fisheries management, strengthen international integration; adapting to climate change, protecting the environment and marine ecosystems, and contributing to national defense and security. To develop large fisheries centers associated with key fishing grounds in Hai Phong, Da Nang, Khanh Hoa, Ba Ria – Vung Tau, Kien Giang.
7. To develop the national land border gate system in line with the country’s socio-economic development requirements, in combination with national defense and security assurance, and in association with regional development orientations, according to economic belts and corridors. By 2030, basically 25 land border provinces will have border gates, especially international border gates or main/bilateral border gates; Important border gates have modern facilities to meet travel, trade and cooperation needs.
8. Develop a synchronous and gradually modern fire prevention and fighting infrastructure system, suitable to the conditions of each region, synchronously connected with the national technical infrastructure system, meeting the requirements of fire protection, ensure safety for socio-economic development and people’s lives.
XI. Orientation on resource use, environmental protection, natural disaster prevention and control and response to climate change
1. Resource usage orientation
a) Water resources: Actively, prioritize and ensure water sources in terms of quantity and quality supplied for daily life; ensuring water supply for urban and rural areas, contributing to raising the rate of clean and hygienic water use of urban population to 95 – 100%, rural population to 93 – 95% by 2030. To allocate and share water resources in a harmonious and reasonable manner among sectors and localities, prioritizing the use of water for daily life, using water efficiently, bringing high economic value, ensuring minimum flow, achieving achieve integrated economic, social and environmental effects in both the flood season and the dry season in river basins. Resolve conflicts in water exploitation and use among sectors and fields, between upstream and downstream, between localities in river basins and transnational conflicts in exploitation and use water resource use. Concentrate on exploiting and effectively using water resources in the river basins of Red – Thai Binh, Vu Gia – Thu Bon, Ca, Dong Nai, Cuu Long.
b) Aquatic resources: To gradually reduce the catches to ensure conformity with the reserve of aquatic resources. Selectively exploiting with key objects of high economic value, export value, increasing income and stabilizing livelihoods for fishermen. To change the structure of fishing occupations rationally among sea areas and inland ecological zones; Mining occupations that infringe on resources, destroy the environment and ecology to eco-friendly ones, achieve high economic efficiency and sustainability. Reorganize fishing activities in sea areas and inland areas towards rational development, linking sustainable fishing with the protection and development of aquatic resources; combat illegal fishing. Establish and effectively manage marine protected areas; aquatic resource protection zones, areas banned from fishing for a definite time in sea areas and major river and lake systems.
c) Forest resources: Establish, manage, protect, develop and sustainably use land and forests planned for forestry. The spatial arrangement and scale of the forest area ensures the protection requirements for the system of large rivers, important lakes and dams, and lowlands, wetlands and coastal areas affected by natural impacts and climate change; maintaining and expanding the system of special-use forests; stabilize and supplement production forest area to supply raw materials for processing and export. Continue to maintain important material areas in the exploitation and processing of forest products. To set up hi-tech application forestry zones in the regions.
d) Mineral resources: To basically complete the geological investigation, evaluate the mineral potential on the mainland; investigation and discovery of minerals in the seas and continental shelf of Vietnam. Investigate and explore industrial minerals, focus on performing and completing detailed exploration surveys for areas with high prospects, important minerals and minerals with great potential for reserves for development of the processing industry. For minerals used as building materials, priority shall be given to exploration of mines and areas of mineral distribution in construction material production development zones or adjacent areas; mineral areas with favorable mining conditions or capable of being put into exploitation and use, ensuring efficiency and not adversely affecting the environment.
Minimize and proceed to stop exploiting scattered and small mines, mines that generate great impacts on the environment and regional landscape. Focusing on arranging and arranging to form mine clusters large enough to attract synchronous investment from exploration, exploitation to deep processing and application of advanced and modern technology and equipment.
Ensuring the balance between immediate needs and long-term mineral reserves; prioritize the use of minerals for large-scale and modern industrial development in the country; exporting minerals on the basis of balancing the efficiency of investment in mining and mineral processing.
2. Orientation towards environmental protection
Prevent the trend of increasing pollution and environmental degradation; solve urgent environmental problems; step by step improve and restore environmental quality; protect, conserve and restore important natural ecosystems. Environmental protection in the direction of integrating activities including environmental pollution management and control, setting up an environmental quality monitoring system.
Prioritize the construction of modern, synchronous, and inter-provincial centralized waste treatment zones, especially hazardous waste treatment facilities. To renovate and upgrade unsanitary waste landfills, areas polluted or degraded by solid waste to ensure environmental protection requirements. Step by step limit the direct burial of domestic solid waste; converting domestic solid waste direct landfills into domestic solid waste treatment facilities using modern technology. By 2030, the rate of hazardous waste collected, transported and treated according to regulations will reach 98%, of which the rate of treated medical waste will reach 100%; 95% of municipal solid waste is collected and treated according to regulations; the proportion of urban domestic solid waste treated by direct burial method is reduced to 10% compared to the collected waste.
Invest in the construction and completion of infrastructure for wastewater collection and treatment of industrial parks, industrial clusters, urban areas, concentrated residential areas, craft villages on large river basins. Carry out satisfactory wastewater treatment in all industrial zones, clusters, industrial facilities, and hospitals. Strengthen the management of waste sources, improve the quality of surface water environment, especially in polluted rivers and inter-provincial river sections. To build a centralized domestic wastewater collection and treatment system in combination with renovating and restoring lakes, ponds and canals in large urban areas. Implement projects on wastewater treatment and restoration of water quality in severely polluted rivers, canals and canals.
Continue to preserve and strictly protect the existing system of nature reserves; establish new terrestrial nature reserves and marine conservation areas. Build biodiversity corridors. Conserve and strictly protect the existing important wetlands of international importance (the Ramsar site); continue to increase the total number of Ramsar sites in the country. Continue to protect, use sustainably and zoning, establishing new important ecological landscape areas recognized by international organizations.
3. Natural disaster prevention and control and climate change adaptation
Actively prevent natural disasters and adapt to climate change; to step by step build a nation capable of managing natural disaster risks, communities and society to be safe from natural disasters, creating conditions for sustainable socio-economic development, maintaining security and national defense. Develop climate change adaptation models based on nature, ecosystems and community. Develop and implement plans to reduce greenhouse gas emissions by sectors, striving for the national goal of achieving net zero emissions by 2050.
Consolidate and upgrade natural disaster prevention and control works, focusing on: consolidating, upgrading and completing the system of dykes, lakes and dams to ensure proactive prevention and control of floods and storms according to the design level. To supplement and upgrade water storage and drainage systems, to prevent inundation caused by heavy rains, floods and tides, especially in large urban areas; water source control works to prevent drought and saltwater intrusion.
Build and strengthen works to prevent and control riverbank and coastal erosion in areas where landslides are complicated, seriously threatening dyke works, population concentration areas and important infrastructure. Building and upgrading the anchorage areas for ships and boats to avoid storms, linking with logistics services, fisheries information, including island areas; to step up planting trees to break waves to protect dykes, to plant watershed protection forests and coastal protection forests.
Construction and upgrading of meteorological, hydrological, hydrographic, seismic, and disaster warning stations. Upgrading the communication system to ensure smooth communication to all localities, people across the country and ships operating at sea, in which priority is given to investment in expansion of terrestrial satellite communication stations and equipment for mobile communication and a fishing vessel management system via satellite, ensuring telecommunications and radio-television coverage to Vietnam’s seas, islands, islands and exclusive economic zones.
XII. Defence security
Effectively implementing the Party’s policy on combining national defense and security with economy, economy with national defense and security, and ensuring economic security in the context of developing a society-oriented market economy, socialism and international economic integration. Consolidate the great national unity bloc based on the people, perform well the work of mobilizing the masses to create the foundation for building a “people-loving posture” in association with building the all-people defense posture and people’s security posture.
Research orientations to combine the overall arrangement of national defense with socio-economic development; closely combine economic, cultural and social development with consolidating and strengthening national defense in each territory, in strategic areas, borders, seas, islands, economic zones and important industrial zones; meet defense requirements associated with socio-economic development nationwide.
Firmly protect national security, social order and safety; effectively prevent, detect, prevent and handle acts infringing upon national security, contributing to firmly protecting national sovereignty and interests; effectively fight against activities that cause social disorder and safety and infringe upon the legitimate interests of organizations and individuals.
XIII. List of important national projects and implementation phase
1. Criteria for selection of important national projects
Important national programs and projects proposed in the Master plan are large-scale technical and social infrastructure programs and projects of strategic, national, inter-regional, and inter-regional levels with the formation and development of economic corridors and national dynamic zones.
2. List of important national projects
The list of important national programs and projects identified in the master plan is for guidance only and may be considered, adjusted and supplemented during the investment policy decision process in accordance with law. The divergence of the implementation of programs and projects shall be considered and adjusted appropriately by competent authorities depending on the capacity of resources. Objectives, scale, location, total investment, capital sources, and land use needs of each specific project will be determined during the process of investment preparation and project investment policy decision.
XIV. Solutions and resources to implement the plan
1. About resource mobilization
– Continue to restructure the state budget, ensuring a reasonable ratio between recurrent expenditure and development investment spending. Restructure public investment spending, improve efficiency and effectiveness of allocation and disbursement of public investment capital. Prioritize public investment for a large-scale infrastructure network (seaports, airports, roads, high-speed railways…) that is inter-regional, inter-provincial and connects the region with major economic centers, connecting regional and international traffic networks; investing in projects with high spillover effects, solving essential needs and bottlenecks of the region, bringing high economic and social efficiency to the whole region. Promoting the leading role, the “primer capital” of public investment to attract the private sector to participate in investment projects in the form of public-private partnership (PPP).
Accelerate the divestment of state capital, equitization of state-owned enterprises that are not on the list of which the State needs to hold, assign, contract, and lease out state-owned enterprises, creating room for mobilizing non-state resources, investing in socio-economic development. Proceeds from equitization and divestment of state capital focus on investment in key infrastructure projects of national and local importance. Completely solve the situation of investment spreading outside the main business lines through divestment, ensuring that state-owned enterprises focus on their main business areas.
Completing the policy of budget collection for land, property and natural resources; have an appropriate mechanism to exploit resources from land for socio-economic infrastructure development. Increase revenue for the state budget from auctions and auctions of urban land in large cities for investment in urban infrastructure construction.
Continue to promote administrative reform, improve and further improve the quality of business investment environment, create the most favorable conditions for economic sectors to invest and do business, ensuring fair and fair competition, equality and transparency. Completing the legal framework and policies for the development of all types of capital markets, especially the stock market and the venture capital market, in order to mobilize medium and long-term capital for investment, promote start-ups, innovation.
Strongly renovate policies to attract foreign investment and prepare synchronously conditions such as infrastructure, institutions, human resources, etc. to increase the efficiency of foreign investment to serve development goals. Oriented to attract large enterprises with advanced technology, high technology, modern management system, leading multinational corporations in the world to invest in dynamic regions, forming linkage clusters, creating a great spillover effect, promoting the development of the domestic economic sector.
Mobilizing foreign loans with favorable, appropriate and effective conditions and interest rates, focusing on a number of key areas; Prioritize investment in projects that directly promote growth associated with sustainable development, have spillover effects such as climate change adaptation, environmental quality improvement, education, health care and technology.
2. Regarding mechanisms and policies
Building and perfecting legal institutions in association with strict and effective law enforcement organization, creating a legal basis for the implementation of the master plan.
Prioritize investment in the development of large-scale infrastructure networks (seaports, airports, roads, high-speed railways…) of national dynamic regions and promote the formation of priority economic corridors. . Formulate mechanisms and policies for localities in national dynamic regions to have resources to invest in building regional infrastructure as well as connecting infrastructure works between local development centers with national infrastructure.
Paying attention to investing in disadvantaged areas, creating favorable conditions for ethnic minorities and disadvantaged areas to have equal access to resources, development opportunities and equal enjoyment of basic social services. .
Formulate specific mechanisms and policies to take care of the development of education, training, healthcare, and improve the quality of human resources; create livelihoods, jobs, stable cultivation and settlement for ethnic minorities, especially in remote, isolated and border areas. Implement programs and projects for economic and social development in ethnic minority and mountainous areas and areas with extremely difficult conditions. To gradually develop disadvantaged areas through building infrastructure connecting disadvantaged areas with economic corridors, connecting difficult border areas with the development of border gate economic zones.
3. About science and technology
Select and focus on supporting research, application and development of technology for a number of key industries and fields. Improve the potential and level of science and technology in the country to be able to implement new directions of scientific research and technological development, focusing on developing priority technologies with high applicability, especially in technology. digital technology, biology, artificial intelligence, mechatronics, automation, biomedical electronics, energy, environment.
Continue to have incentive mechanisms, policies and policies, to invest and effectively exploit hi-tech parks, hi-tech agricultural zones, information technology parks, and national innovation centers, according to the world advanced model.
4. About human resources
To adopt policies to support and improve the capacity of training institutions in priority disciplines associated with the application of advanced technologies and scientific disciplines that are fundamental for science and technology development; mobilize domestic and international resources in training and retraining human resources.
Develop general preferential policies to attract high-quality human resources to work in localities in dynamic regions; remuneration mechanism and attract talents and high-quality human resources for priority industries. Renovate policies to attract human resources, especially scientific and technical staff, for long-term work and on-site human resource development in disadvantaged areas, especially in remote, isolated and ethnic minority areas.
5. About international cooperation
Strengthen coordination with other countries, international organizations, financial institutions, and donor agencies to mobilize financial resources for infrastructure construction investment projects as well as support projects, technical assistance and capacity building to strengthen economic connectivity within and outside the ASEAN region.
Effective implementation of bilateral and multilateral agreements on infrastructure, especially for transport infrastructure (such as aviation, maritime, road, railway and waterway) to facilitate transportation people and goods cross borders, inter-country transport, multimodal transport within the framework of ASEAN, the Greater Mekong Sub-region (GMS) and with neighboring countries.
Actively and actively cooperate with countries and territories around the world to promote economic, trade and investment relations, especially creating more favorable conditions for access to major and important markets for Vietnam’s export goods
Actively and actively participate in international agreements, regional cooperation agreements on water resources, bilateral treaties and multilateral cooperation mechanisms, promote international cooperation on water resources on natural resources, principle of respecting international law and the interests of each country concerned in the exploitation, use and management of transboundary water resources.
Actively and actively participate in international agreements on climate change, taking advantage of international support resources for climate change response.
XV. Organize the implementation of the plan
1. After the national master plan for the period 2021 – 2030, with a vision to 2050, is decided by the National Assembly, ministries, branches and People’s Committees of provinces and centrally run cities perform tasks in accordance with the authorized function:
a) Organize the public announcement of the national master plan in accordance with the law on planning; develop a plan for implementation of the national master plan and submit it to competent authorities for approval in accordance with law to organize the implementation of the plan.
b) Review the contents of plans in the national planning system to ensure that they are suitable, aligned and synchronous with the national master plan before submitting them to competent authorities for decision or approval; review and adjust the master plans in the national planning system that have been decided or approved if there are contents not consistent with the national master plan, submit them to competent authorities for decision or approval according to regulations in Resolution No. 61/2022/QH15 of the National Assembly.
c) Research and develop mechanisms and policies, balance resources in terms of capital, science and technology, and human resources, and concretize solutions to successfully implement established objectives, tasks and orientations identified in national master plan.
d) Strengthen the inspection and inspection of the implementation of the planning; strictly handle organizations and individuals that violate the planning; complete the information system and national database on planning in accordance with the law.
Review and evaluate the implementation of the national master plan in accordance with the law on planning.
2. Ministries, sectors and localities shall urgently complete national sectoral planning, regional planning, and provincial planning for the period of 2021 – 2030, with a vision to 2050; organize the appraisal and approval in accordance with the provisions of law.

Source: Vitic/ thuvienphapluat.vn